Hat-paring machine.



F. C. ORAW.

HAT PABING MACHINE,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1912,

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F. C. GRAW.

HAT PARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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P. C. GRAW.

HAT PARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1912.

1,087,925. PatentedFeb. 24, 1914.

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F. C. CRAW.

HAT PARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1912.

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FRANK C. CRAW, OF SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT.

HAT-PARING MACHINE.

menses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Feb. 24., 191.4.

Application filed September 23, 1912. Serial No. 721,891.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK C. Cnaw, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Norwalk, county of Fairfield State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Hat-Faring li Jiachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for performing the operation variously known as hat paring or planing the brims of curled hats, and the invention relates particularly to such machines of the type shown in my Patent 757.542, granted April 19, 190- One of the objects of the invention is to produce an automatic machine for the purpose described whereby the hat itself may be used as the actual pattern for controlling the distance at which the paring will occur re atively to the outer surface of the curled brim, so as to avoid the use of changeable forms or matrices for holding the brims in curled positions.

it further object of the invention is to provide a machine for paring hat brims having rotary cutter which acts upon the edge of the curl in a direction to not shift the edge in its relationship to the guide employed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of this character having means which will. support the end portions of the brim in opposition to the pressure of the cutter.

A further objectis to provide a machine of this character having means for holding the edge of the curl at the proper angle relativcly to the cutter.

Vvith these and other objects in view the invention consists in certain construct-ions and in certain parts, improvements, and combinations, which will be hereinafter described and then specifically pointed out in the claims hereunto appended.

{if the accompanying drawings Figure 1 an elevation of the machine complete, the cutter. which in this present machine is a rotary one, operating at one side of a brim. Fig. 2 is a detail elevation, partly in section, of the cutter and its immediately adjacent parts, on a larger scale than in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 omitting some parts, however. Fig. 4- is a detail section on line 4E4lof Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail elevation of the block forming a portion of the universal joint shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an elevation of the cam on the main shaft of the machine. Fig. 8 is a detail plan view of parts shown in Fig. 1. the parts above the line 8-8 in said Fig. 1 being omitted. Fig. 9 is a detail elevation of the bearing rod, said figure showing adjustable supporting parts in section on the line 99 in Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a section on line 1010 of Fig. 9. Fig. 1.]. is a detail view of a portion of the mechanism which effects the stoppage of the machine if the cutter driving belt should break. Figs. 12 and 1.3 are detail elevations of different forms of foot rolls which may be employed. Fig. 14. is a detail.

elevation of the cutter, showing the shield for said cutter in section. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a detail view of the cutter shield. Fig. 17 represents a section on line 17-17 of Fig. 1 1-, said figure also illustrating a portion of the curl of a hat brim being operated upon by the cutter.

Similar reference characters indicate the same or similar parts in all of the views.

For convenience of description and of comparison with said Patent 757,542, the same reference characters and descriptive terms will be employed herein as in said patent. where the parts of the machine remain the same.

The frame work of the machine is indi catcd at 10, and the main shaft thereof at 12 although another shaft hereinafter described is employed to actuate the shaft 12 through suitable gearing such as worm gearmg.

In the present machine the cutter is a rapidly rotating one and it operates continuously whether a hat 21 is in position or not on the expansion holder the operating wheel of which is shown at 24.; but a similar arrangement of bearing rod is employed for the hat brim. I will first describe how the holder is held. and actuated so that the brim of the hat itself can be used as the main pattern for contact with the bearing rod 30 without employing any matrix or other hat form, so as to avoid the necessity for changing the forms for difierent styles of hats.

To facilitate an understanding of the general operation of the machine before going into the details thereof, 1 will explain that a hat 21 which is supported at the upper end of a slowly rotating shaft 23, is held in a practically counterbalanced condition toward, but with a light yielding pressure against, a. vertical bearing rod 30, while a rotary cutter 148 operates upon the edge of the curl. As the hat rotates, the cutter moves vertically so as to follow the curve of the edge to be pared up and down due to the different planes in which different portions of the curled edges stand relatively to the crown of the hat. The cutter rotates in such a direction that its acting edges move in the same direction as that in which the edge being pared travels. The distance between the cutter 148 and the bearing rod 30 varies as the hat travels from front to side and then to the back and so around the hat, this variation being caused by a cross head 14 through the medium of an angular operating lever 48 which is actuated by a cam 128 on the shaft 12.

The width of the curl of the hat brim at the sides is considerably greater than that at the ends, and the curl between the side and ends gradually varies, these portions being referred to in the trade as the style. Variations in style are effected in the present machine by using foot rolls of different shapes for bearing on the cam 128, this being because for instance a roll of such shape as shown in Fig. 12 used instead of the one shown in Fig. 1, will cause the slide 51 which actuates the lever 18 to have a movement other than what is imparted by the earn 128 and so shift the position of the cross head 11 and the cutter 118 toward and from the bearing rod 30 according to any style that may be desired.

As in the patent referred to, the carrying shaft 23 is rotated by means of a bevel pinion 13 on the main shaft 12 of the machine, said pinion 13 meshing with a bevel gear 25 at the lower end of a short shaft extending through bearing 26 and connected by a universal joint 27 with the said shaft 23. The said shaft 23 stands normally at an angle which tends to move its upper end away from the rod 30. To counter-balance the tendency of said shaft 23 and the'hat mounted thereon to swing outward I employ a weight 100 carried by an arm 101 extending through the rock shaft 102 and capable of being adjustably setto lengthen or shorten the effective length of said arm by means of a set screw 103 (see Fig. 8). The rock shaft is mounted in bearings 101 carried by the frame work 10 and is provided with an arm 105 having an anti-friction roll 106 at its upper end which rides against the edge of the oval plate 32 which is secured to the shaft 23. In order that the angle at which the arm 101 may stand relatively to the rock shaft and the arm 105 may be varied, the rock shaft is preferably made in two portions, the outer portion comprising a sleeve 107 through which the arm 101 passes, said sleeve 107 receiving the end of the rock shaft 102 as best indicated in Fig. 8, and secured theretoby a set screw 108. This construction and relative arrangement is such that the counter-weight 100 will have the least tendency to press the shaft 23 inward when the cutter is operating on the curl on the side of the hat as shown in Fig. 1. But as the shaft 23 and the hatand the plate 32 rotate to bring one end of a brim into position to be trimmed, the arm 101 is swung upward so that the weight will have a greater effect in holding the hat against the bearing rod 30. Lesser pressure of the hat against the bearing rod is desired when the operation is being performed on the curl at the side because the shape of th curl is such that there is greater flexibility there.

Since universal joints always permit more or less back-lash, 1 apply a brake device to the shaft 23, (see Figs. 1 and 6) the same comprising a disk 109 secured to the shaft just above the universal joint 27, said disk having a grooved periphery which receives a strap 110 having lugs 111 connected by a bolt 112 to enable the strap to be tightened er loosened. Said strap is provided with a fork 113 the arms of which may have antifriction rolls 11s which engage opposite sides of a rib 115 of the frame 10. This structure permits the rolls 111 to ride slightly up and down along said rib as the shaft 23 swings inward and outward, and as said rolls are carried by the fork 113 of the friction strap 110 there can be no tendency of the shaft 23 to shift backward when the machine is stopped.

The bearing rod 30 is mounted to slide vertically in a tubular standard 116 which latter is mount-ed in a slide block 117 fitting ways 113 in the frame of the machine. Said block may be adjusted along said ways by a lever 119 pivoted to the frame at. 120, said lever having a slot 121 through which a stud 122 passes, said stud rising from the frame of the machine. A spring 123 confined between washers 124 and adjustably compressed by a nut 125 serves to exert friction so that the block 117 will be held at any point along its ways to which it may be shifted by the operator, it being understood that the standard closely fits the aperture of the lever 119 through which it passes, and that the pivotal end of the lever is slotted so mamas as to permit said lever to be adjusted and yet slide the block 117 alonp; its ways. This adjustment of the block and the tubular standard is to enable the rod to be properly setas to its proximity to the cutter before putting; the hat in position for mine; operation.

The shape of the brim edge to be trimmed such that the point tor the operation of the cutter is constantly shifting vertically; that is, as the trimming operation starts at the end of the brim and proceeds toward the side of the curl the actual point where the cutting: is taking; place shifts upward, and then returns downward as the cu sing}; point approaches the other end of the hat brim, moving along the quarter. 1 therefore provide for a vertical movement of the cutter as well as a forward and advance movement and I will now proceed to des ribe the structure and operation oi this part of the machine.

iii. cross head 'it is adapted to reciprocate in a slot 4:5 in the top of the frame work as in the patent referred to and is actuated by an. operating; lever l8 one end of which pivoted to the cross head as at a9 and the other end oil which is adapted to slide freely through a block which is itself pivoted to the upper end of a slide 51 adapted to re ciprocatc in guides in the trame \lOlfh'. lhis slide operated by a cam 128 which is secured to the shaft 12, the foot roll of the slide, which will be hereinafter more fully described. being); held in contact with said cam by a spring 199 connecting an eccentricallv set pin 130 with a pin 131 projecting from the slide 51. ihe lower end of the slide has adjustablv connected therewith the shank 132 ot a yoke 133 the arms of which provide bearings for the foot roll 18 i. The cam 128 is set at an angle relatively to the axis of the shaft 152 so that as said cam revolves its edge travels from end to end of the foot roll 1 34:. It said toot roll is of uniform diameter as in Fig. 1, no vertical movement will be given to the slide 51 other than what is due to the shape oi the cam. llut it a diilercntlv shaped toot roll. such as shown in either ll 12 or F 13, be sub stitutcd tor the one shown in Fig. l, then a movement will be imparted to the slide other than what is caused by the shape of the cam 128, when a portion of said cam 1'28 rides under any enlarged or reduced portion of said foot roll. This structure onables me to avoid having to FulbSililltQ cams t shat es one for anotl'ier. said employed for the purpose of icral THOVGlDGHl'. to the cross head neccssar3, when trimming; from side to end. while anv variation in the movement ing a foot roll other than percvlii crical will impart a ditterent the triml movement to the slide 51 which will effect the movement of the cross head in and out so as to vary the width or shape oi. the out alone the quarter of the brim.

it to be rmdcrstood that when the machine is in position oit rest for the removal or placing ot a hat, the earn 128 will be turned so as to permit the slide 51 to occupy its lowermost; position. I prefer that at this time the foot roll 13% shall not rest upon the cam 128 but that there shall be a slight space between them so that at the instant of start ing the trin'miing operation the but may rotate a short distance before the cross head begins to be shifted. To prevent this contact of the foot roll with the cam when in position or? rest. the shank of the foot roll yoke is vertically adjustz'lblc relatively to the lower end of the ide, and the lowermost position For the slide determined by a stop block on its side which contacts with the upper surtacc ot' the lower guide to limit the lowermost position for said slide. If it is desired to have the foot roll bear upon the cam at all times even when the machine at rest. the shank 1.32 is simplv adjusted downwa d.

in the patent retei ed to, the fulcrum oi the :ng'ular operating lever 4-8 was a corn stantly shitting one under the intluence of an eccentric. lo the present machine the pivot or fulcrum 0 does not shit't during the operation of the machine although i a position may be adjusted b v hand. To cite-ct this :uljustment, the slide 56 which carries the :iulcrmu pin (:0 of the block through which the lever 45 passes may be secured in its vertical position. in the guide 57, by means of a set screw 135. This adjustment of the position of block is for the same purpose as in my former patent via: to adjust for ditl erent widths oit curls at the sides of the brim, bv vanving the position of the iulcrui'n of the operating lever and consequently varying the throw of the ore s head l-l. For convenience in making this adjust ment where the width ot' curl required is known, I provide a scale 73 on the top of the framework (see Fig. 8) and a cooperating point T l on the cross head.

ll hat may be termed the cutter carrier in the present machine comprises a slide or plunger 1% titted to suitable vertical wars in the cross head -lt. A lower extension 187 of the plunger or cutter carrier :tormed with a transverse opening; through wl 'ch passes the horizontal arm 138 of a connect lug; rod 139 which passes through a guiding aperture in the fiktl lJlOCli' 5'7 and has its lower end m crativel v connected with the eccentric strap hit) of an eccentric Ml on the shaft 152. The connection is an adjustable one by means oi a set screw 14-2 tapped through an arm of the eccentric rod 14-3 through which arm the connecting rod 139 passes.

The reason for providing the horizontal arm 13S and having it slidingly fit an aperture in the extension 137 of the plunger is that the plunger 136 must move toward and away from the hat with the cross head 44 while being itself vertically reciprocated in said cross head by means of the eccentric and the connections described.

Projecting laterally from the plunger 136 are two fixed arms 144 and 145, the outer ends of said arms having bearings 146 for the vertical shaft 147 to the lower end of which is secured the rotary cutter 148. It will therefore be seen that the rotary cutter must partake of all of the movements of the plunger of the carrier 136.

To the upper end of the Si aft 147- is secured a pulley which is actuated by a driving belt as will be hereinafter described. The direction of pull of the driving belt is such that it would have a tendency to laterally strain the cutter carrier or plunger and the parts carried thereby. To oppose this pulling strain, 1 provide a vertical fixed rail 150 which is secured to a bracket rigidly connected with the cross head 44 one edge of said rail engaging an anti-friction roll 151 mounted loosely on the arm 144.

As best shown in Fig. i, I provide a finger 152 against which the top of the curl of the hat bears to hold the edge of the curl turned at the proper angle to be acted upon by the cutter. Said finger passes loosely through but closely fits a horizontal opening in the bearing rod 30. said opening being shown at 149 in Fig. 9. It is desirable that this finger 152 shall move vertically as the hat rotates. and that said finger shall move upward and downward faster than the cutter is reciprocated. The cutter of course has a vertical movement with its carrier or plunger 136. The tip end of the finger 152 is of course to be set in close proximity to the periphery of the rotating cutter. To effect this proper setting, the rear end of the finger is formed with a block 153 through which a vertical guiding rod 154 passes, said guiding rod having a block or head 155 at its upper end which is firmly secured on the arm 145 which, as stated, projects rigidly from the plunger 136. The guide rod 154 therefore becomes a rigid vertical guide but one that can be set at a proper distance along the arm 145, as by means of a set screw 156, so that the tip of the finger will be in the proper proximity to the cutter although said finger of course moves vertically with the bearing rod 30 which, as has been explained, is mounted to be reciprocated freely in the standard 116.

To cause the bearing rod 30 to have its faster vertical movements mentioned relatively to those of the cutter, an arm 157 is firmly secured to the upper end of the rod 30, the outer end of said arm being connected by a link 158 wit-ha block 159 rigidly secured on the arm 145.

It will now be understood that. since the cross head 44 travels toward and from the hat, and the cutter carrier and its arms not only move with the cross head but also move vertically, while the bearing rod 30 can have only a vertical movement, it necessarily follows that the relative swinging movements of the link 158 will act on the same principle a toggle arm to reciprocate the bearing rod through a wider range of movement, and consequently at a greater speed, than the vertical movementspossessed by the cutter. Since the finger 152 must partake of the vertical movements of the bearing rod, it must have the differential vertical speed referred to, and the tip of said finger remains in close proximity to the cutter because of said finger being guided in its vertical movements by the rod 154 which of course has no movement relatively to the plunger 136 and its arm 145.

The arrangement and connections of the parts are such that when the operation is commenced on a hat, the cutter and the finger 152 are in their lowermost positions. This is because the edge to be pared at each end of the hat (which is the portion toward the beholder in Fig. 1) is always in a lowerplane than the edges of the curl at the sides. When the paring is done at the ends I have found in practice that it is desirable to support the edge of the brim from the under side, this being the point where the curl of the hat is the slightest. To afiord such a support I mount a sleeve 160 about the rod 30 (see Figs. 1 and 9) but said sleeve is not connected to the rod 30 which, it is to be borne in mind, reciprocates vertically, but said sleeve is secured to the tubular standard 116 and may be vertically adjusted on said standard by means of a set screw 161. Therefore the said sleeve can be adjusted to the proper height so that its upper end will act as a support for the brim of the hat at the front or rear thereof whenever the said hat rotates with the shaft 23.

As indicated in Figs. 2 and 9, the arm 145 of the cutter carrier preferably extends through a slot 162 in the rod 30, so as to avoid having to provide a yoke passing by said rod 30, said slot permitting the rod 30 to rise and fall owing to the connections hereinbefore described, to a greater degree than the rise and fall of the arm To prevent injury by the rapidly rotating cutter either to any portion of the hat crown or to the hands of the operator, I affix a shield 163 to the lower bearing 146 (see Figs. 14, 15 and 16). To afford a firm support for said shield, the said lower bearing is formed as a head 164 to which said shield is secured by suitable fastening means such as screws. The lower end of the shield is formed with a lip or foot 165 extending under the lower end of the cutter to prevent the latter from injuring either a portion of the hat or the fingers of the operator. Practically the said shield is semi-cylindrical with one end member, so that only the portion of the cutter which is operating on the hat is exposed.

Secured to the upper end of the shaft 147 is a. pulley 166 for a cutter operating belt not shown excepting in Fig. 11 where it is indicated at X. Said belt has been omitted from other figures to avoid confusion. For the present purposes it will be sutlicient to state that from the pulley 166 the said belt leads over suitable idle guide pulleys to and around a driving pulley 167 (see Figs. 1, 3 and .11). said driving pulley being mounted on a shaft 168 mounted in bearings 169 suit ably supported by portions of the frame, said shaft 168 constitutii'ig the driving shaft of the machine and receiving power from any suitable source which may be an electric motor or any other motor preferably having a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the said shaft 168 from the source of power. This shaft 168 drives the shaft 12 of the machine through connections which I will now describe. To the inner end of the shaft 168 is connected by a universal joint 170 a shaft 171 having a worm 172 which meshes with a worm gear 17 3 secured to the shaft 12. In order that the cutter may rotate continuous y although the rotation of the hat support is stopped at the end of each single rotation of a hat, and to provide for this in. a convenient manner which also permits automatically stopping the rotation of the hat support, I provide means which I will now describe for lifting the worm 172 out of mesh with the gear 173. Referring particularly to Figs. 8, 1 and 5, it will be seen that the end of the shaft 171 projects beyond the worm 1'72 and has its bearing in a block 17% which is connected by a pin 175 to the lower end of a rod 17 8 mounted to be shifted vertically in a bearing 179 suitably sup ported by the frai'ne of the machine. A spring 180 between the top of the bearing 179 and a head 181 of said rod has a normal tendency to lift said rod and to elevate the worm 172 out of mesh with the worm gear.

A block 176 which is adjustably secured to the rod 178 by a set screw 17 7 serves to limit the upward movement of block 17 t and shaft 171 under the influence of spring 180. The block 176 has a lug 182 projecting laterally from it, which lug is adapted to be engaged by the shoulder 183 of a lever 1841: which is pivotally connected at 185 to the bearing 179. So long as the lever 18d: in the position shown by full lines in Fig. 8, the rod 178 is held depressed against the connection of the spring 186 so as to keep the worm 172 in mesh with the gear 173. But whenever said lever 18 1 is swung on its pivot so as to re lease its shoulder from engagement with lug 182, the spring 180 elevates the rod 178 and disengages the worm 172 so that all of the parts of the machine will be immediately stopped excepting the cutter, this immediate stoppage being effected by the friction brake hereinbefore described applied to the shaft 23.

The lever184t is provided with a weight 186 aflixed to it so that said lever will have a tendency to stand in the position shown by full lines in Fig. 8. Said lever is provided with an extension or arm 187 having at its lower end a heel 188 and a toe 189, either one of which may be engaged by a finger 190 carried by an arm 191 secured to the shaft 12.

As the bevel gears 13 and 25 are so proportioned relatively to each other that the shaft 12 will rotate twice to a single rotation of the hat carrying shaft 28, it is of course necessary that the worm 172 shall not be elevated until the shaft 12 has made two rotations. When the operation of paring a hat begins, the lever 18 1- stands in the position shown by full lines in Fig. 3, the arm 191 in this figure having traveled somewhat beyond starting position. When the finger 190 contacts with the heel 188 of the lever, it shifts said lever to the position shown by dotted lines in said figure, and said lever remains in that position, owing to the friction between the lug 182 and the shoulder 183 caused by the lifting action of the spring 180. Said finger 190 however does not touch the toe 189 because the tip of said toe is outside of the path of movement of the finger 190. But the shifting of the lever to the dotted line position brings the toe into position so that when the finger 190 coins around again, it will engage said toe 189 and swing the lever 184i far enough outward to cause the shoulder 183 to release the lug 182, when the spring 180 immediately acts and elevates the worm 172.

To effect the reengagement of the worm 172 with the worm gear when a new hat has been put in position for paring, It provide a lever 19a which is pivoted to the frame of the machine at 1% and has an arm 196 adapted to engage the top of the head 181 of the rod 178 to depress the rod 178 until the lug 182 slips under the shoulder 183 of the lever 184-. At such time the weight 186 attached to the lever 18 1- causes the lever to swing to the full line position of Fig. 3 and hold the lug 182 down. ()f

course it will be understood that the autoit, but the shoulder 183 of lever 184 engages lug 182 of block 176 and retains the worm and worm gear in engagement. Although the operation of the lever 19% may throw the worm down to an extreme, the spring 180 lifts it to the point for best operative engagement with the teeth of the worm gear, such point being determined by the block 176 which, as described, is adjustable on rod 178.

If the cutter driving belt X were to break, it is desirable that the machine shall be immediately stopped so that the hat would not continue to be rotated. I will now describe the means to eflect this result.

The belt X, as shown in Fig. 11, passes over an idle pulley 200 carried by an arm 20]. projecting from a disk 202 which is loosely mounted on the shaft 168 as indicated in Fig. 3. Said disk has another arm 203 having a weight 204 adjustably secured thereto, said arm being bent to form a shoulder 205. These parts are so proportioned that when the belt X is taut and running, with a portion of one stretch passing over the pulley 200, the arm 203 will be held substantially in a horizontal position to re ceive upon it and support the tip of a trip arm 206 having a weight 207 adjustably secured thereto, said arm 206 projecting from one end of a rock shaft 208 mounted in a bearing in a bracket projecting from the bracket 17 9 (see Figs. 1 and At the other end of said rock shaft 208 there is adjustably secured, as by a set screw 209, an arm 210 which is set at such an angle that its end will strike the rear edge of the lever 18% and throw it outward to permit the automatic disengagement of the worm 172 from the worm gear, whenever the arm 206 might be permitted to drop under the influence of its weight 207. By referring now to Fig. 11 it will be understood that if the belt X should break, there would be nothing to prevent the arm 201 and its pulley 200 from swinging upward under the influence of the weight 204 carried by the other arm 203. This of course will cause the arm 203 to swing downward, the end of the trip arm 206 riding along it until it slips over the shoulder 205, when it will drop under the influence of its weight 207 so that the arm 210 of the rock shaft 208 will throw the lever 18% in the manner de scribed.

During the changing of hats on the expansion holder, it is desirable that the carrying shaft 23 shall be locked in outwardly swung position. The shaft 23 passes through a block bearing 211 fitting a slot in the frame 10 as shown in Fig. 8, said block 211 sliding along said slot when the shaft 23 moves inward or outward. Mounted in the frame at one side of said slot is a pin 212 which is normally pressed inward by a spring 213, and is provided with a knob 214 by means of which said pin can be retracted. When the shaft 23 is swung outward. to remove a hat, the pin 212 snaps behind the block 211 and so holds the shaft 23 and the expansion hat holder in outer most position. lVhen a new hat has been put on the holder, the operator grasps the knob 214 and withdraws the locking pin so as to permit the shaft .43 to be moved inward under the influence of the weight 100 until the outer surface of the hat brim comes to rest against the bearing rod 30 and just under the foot 165 of the shield and with the edge of the curl ready for the operation of the cutter.

The oval plate 32 is similar in form to that in the patent referred to and, as in said patent, is secured to the shaft with its long diameter at rightangles to the long diameter of the hat on the holder carried by the shaft 23. The function of this oval plate 32 is similar to that in the patent referred to, but the hat is caused to be moved toward the bearing rod 30 with varying degrees of pressure caused by the influence of the weight 100.

The pulley 166 is actuated by the belt in such direction that the cutter rotates in the direction of the arrow a shown in Fig. 17, and the shaft 23 rotates in such direction that the hat carried thereby rotates in the direction of the arrow 2) in said Fig. 17. The portion of the curl of the hat brim is indicated at 21 in said figure. Since each tooth or blade of the cutter as it pares off a bit of the brim edge is moving in the same direction as that in which the work is moving, the pressure of the paring operation is in a direction which tends to keepthe curl in contact with the guiding bearing rod 30. In other words the cut takes place from and away from the extreme edge, while if the cutter rotated in the other direction it would tend to pull the curl of the brim away from the bearing rod 30 and so cut deeper and deeper. Since the chief accuracy of the paring operation depends on having the outer edge of the curl always in contact with and guided by the rod 30, this relative direc tion of movement of the cutter and work has an especial function because it enables a rotary cutter to be used without affecting the accuracy of the work. 7

The operation of the machine as a whole having been already. described in a general way, and the operation of special features having been described in connection with the explanation of the structure of such special parts, further description or explanation will be unnecessary.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is 1. A hat parin machine comprising a rotary hat support, a guide for a portion of the hat brim, a rotary cutter, and means for causil'ig the cutting edges of the latter to travel in the same direction as the edge being pared.

2. A hat paring machine comprising a rotary hat support, a guide for a portion of the hat brim, a rotary cutter, and means for causing the cutting edges of the latter to travel in the same direction as the ed e being pared, said guide being positioned to hold the edge being pared at the proper angle to be acted. upon by said cutter.

i hat paring machine comprising a rotating and laterally movable carrying shaft, a plate carried thereby, a bearing rod for the 1M; brim, a cutter, a. rock shaft, a counterbalancing Weight carried by said rock shaft, and an arm projecting from said rock shaft and bearing against said plate.

a. A hat paring inachiiiie comprising a rotating and laterally movable "arrying shaft, a plate carried thereby, a bearing rod for the hat brim, a cutter, a rock shatt, a counterbalancing weight carried by said rock shaft, an arm projecting from said roch shaft and bearing against said plate, and means for varying the relative angle be tween said arm and said Weight.

5. it hat paring machine comprising a rotating and latera ly movable :arrying shaft, a plate carried thereby, a bearing rod for the hat brim, a cutter, a rock sliattprovided with two relatively adjustable members, a counterweight connected with one of said members, and an arm connected with the other me nber and herring against said plate.

(3. In a hat paring machine, a cutter, a bearing for the hat brim, a rotating hatcarrying shatt having a univu'sal joint, said shaft having a disk or plate, means for counterbalancing tendency of the upper 1 ,01 tion oil said shaft to swing away from said bearing and a brake for the swinging 301'- tion of said shalt.

7. in a hat 'iaring D'lHChlHO, a cutter, a bearing for the hat brii'n, a rotating hat- :arrying shaft having a universal joint, said shatthaving a dish or plate, nieai'is tor colu'iterbalancing tendency of the upper portion of said shail t to swing away from said bearing, and a brake for the su'ingin portion of slid shalt, said means connirising a dish secured to the shajlit, a strap surround ing said disk said disk having a fork. and a vertical fixed rib engaged by saic :toi-lc.

8. An improvement in but paring nachines compri ing means for rotatably supporting a hat, a bearing for the hat brim, a slidable carrier for said bearing, and means for sliding said carrier, said fitting means including ineans for holding the carrier in any adjusted position.

9. A hat paring machine comyn'ising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a

bearing for the hat brim, a cutter, a horizontally movable lever )Uflfll'lg the support for said bearing, and friction devices :tor holding said lever in adjusted position.

10. it hat paring machine conu risiug means for rotatably supporting a hat, a cutter, a lever carrying a tubular bearing, and a bearing rod supported in said tubular bearing.

11. it hat paring macl'iine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a reciprocatiug eroGshead, a. cutter and a carrier therefor mounted in said cross-head, and a cam and connections including a pattern roll engaged by the cam lor reciproiating said cross-head.

12. it hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably sup 'iorting a hat, a reciprocating cross-head, a cutter and a czrrier therefor mounted in said cross-head, shatt having a cam,- a slide having a pattern roll actuated by said cam, and a lever connecting said slide and cross'head.

13. it hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a recipro-cating cross-head, a cut ei mounted in said cross-head, a sha' having a cam, a slide having a yoke adjustably connected thereto, a pattern roll carried by the yoke and engaged by the cam, and a le *er connecting the slide and cross-head.

Ll. it hat paring" machine comprising means for rotatabl supporting a hat, a reciprocating cross-head, a cutter mounted in said cross-head, a shaft having a cam, a slide having a yoke carrying a. pattern roll to be engaged by said cam, and a lev r connecting said slide and cross-head.

in a machine or" the cha. actor dese 'ibed, a cutter bodily in h -.l.y to the hat for paring the brim edge, a cam for shifting the position oi. said cutter horizontally, nieans tlior vertically shifting the cutter, and pattern means inde iendent of said cam ilior controlling the vertical movements of the cutter.

1.6. In a machine of the c u 'acter de scribed, a cutter bodily movable relatively to the hat to pa :ing the brim eiilge, a am for shifting the position oil. said cut ter horizontally, means tlor vertically shilling the cutter, a pattern roll. in position to be acted upon by said cam, and connections whereby movements of said roll control horizontal i'i'iovements of the cutter.

17. in a machine of the character de scribed, means for rotatably sup iortiug a hat, a reciprocating cross-head, a rotary cutter vertically movable relatively to said eros-ssdiead, a vertically movable guide projectii'm' towa d said cutter and connected With id cross-head to more laterally "with it, and means :t r causing said guide to more vertically at a greater speed ii an the rertical inovcn'ients of the cutter.

18. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, avertically movable bearing for the hat brim said bearing having a horizontal opening, a reciprocating cross-head, av cutter carried by said cross-head and vertically movable relatively to it, a guide for the edge of the brim curl, said guide extending through the opening in the vertically movable brim guide, and connections whereby said vertically movable brim guide moves vertically at a greater speed than the vertical movements of the cutter.

19. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a reciprocating cross-head carrying a cutter and a carrier therefor, said carrier being verti cally movable in the cross-head, an eccentric having adjustable connections for vertically moving the cutter carrier in the cross head, a lever having a fixed fulcrum for reciprocating the cross-head, and means for actuating said lever.

20. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a reciprocating cross-head having a cutter and a carrier therefor, said carrier being vertically movable in the cross-head, an eccentric, a rod having lateral arm and operated by said eccentric, a connection from the cutter carrier having an aperture through which said lateral arm passes, and means for variably reciprocating the cross-head toward and from the hat support.

21. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a reciprocating cross-head, a cutter carrier mounted in said cross-head and having lateral arms, bearings at the outer ends of said arms, a cutter mounted in said bearings, a fixed vertical rail, and a roll mounted on one of said arms and engaging said rail.

22. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a bearing rod for a portion of the curled brim of the hat, a cutter for the edge of the brim, and a support for the nd portions of the hat brim.

A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a bearing rod for a portion of the curled brim of the hat, a cutter for the edge of the brim, and a support for the end portions of the hat brim, said support comprising a vertically adjustable sleeve surrounding said bearing rod.

241-. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, means for guiding the hat brim, a rotary cutter for the edge of the brim, a bearing for said cutter provided with a shield for preventing the cutter from acting on portions of the hat other than the edge of the brim.

A hat paring machine comprising,

means for rotatably supporting a hat, means for guiding the hat brim, a rotary cutter for the edge of the brim, and a bearing for said cutter provided with a shield for preventing the cutter from acting on portions of the hat other than the edge of the brim, said shield having a portion curved concentrically with the acting portions of the cutter and having alip extending under the end of the cutter.

-r hat paring machine comprising a rotary hat support, a rotary cutter for the edge of the hat brim, a belt for rotating said cutter, means for intermittently rotating the hat support while the cutter rotates continuously, and brake devices for said hat support.

27. A hat paring machine comprising a rotary hat support, a rotary cutter for the edge of the hat brim, a belt for rotating said cutter, means including gearing for rotating the hat support, and means for separating portions of the gearing if the cutteroperating belt should break.

28. A hat paring machine comprising means for ro atably supporting a hat, a vertically movable bearing for the brim of the hat, a vertically movable cutter, a movable carrier for said cutter, and means connected with said carrier for moving said bearing.

29. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a vertically movable bearing for the brim of the hat, an edge guide for the brim connected and movable with said bearing, a vertically movable cutter, a movable carrier, and means connected with said carrier for moving said bearing.

30. A hat paring machine comprising a. rotary hat support, a rotary cutter for the edge of the hat brim, a belt for rotating said cutter, means including gearing for rotating the hat support, and means for separating portions of the gearing if the cutter-operating belt should break, said means including a lever for normally holding the separable portions of the gearing in mesh, an idle pulley in contact with the belt, an arm retained in normal position while said idle pulley is running on the belt, and trip devices released by said arm and having means for shifting said lever to permit separation of the gearing.

31. A hat paring machine comprising a rotary cutter, a drive shaft, means for operatively connecting said cutter and said drive shaft, a main shaft, a rotary hatsupport operated by said main shaft, normally interengaging for operatively connecting said drive shaft with said main shaft, a normally locked controlling member for separating said gears, and means connected with said main shaft for periodically releasing said controlling member.

A hat paring machine comprising a ro tary cutter, a drive shaft, means for operatively connecting said cutter and said drive shaft, a main shaft, a rotary hat support operated by said main shaft, a worm gear secured to said main shaft, a worm shaft connected with said drive shaft and normally engaging said worm gear, a normally locked lifting member connected with said worm shaft for disengaging the latter from said Worm gear, and means connected with said main shaft for periodically releasing said lifting member.

33. A. hat paring machine comprising a rotary cutter, a drive shaft, means for operatively connecting said cutter and said drive shaft, a main shaft, a rotary hat support operated by said main shaft, a worm gear connected to said main shaft, a worm shaft connected with the drive shaft, a slidable support for one end of said worm shaft, means acting on said support tending to normally separate said worm shaft from said worm gear, a locking member for said support acting to hold the worm shaft and Worm gear in engagement, and means for periodically releasing said slidable support from said locking member.

34. A hat paring machine comprising a rotary cutter, a drive shaft, means for operatively connecting said cutter and said drive shaft, a main shaft, a rotary hat support operated by said main shaft, normally interengaging gears for operatively connecting said drive shaft with said main shaft, a controlling member tending to separate said gears, a locking member for said controlling member provided with angularly disposed projections, and means connected with the drive shaft to successively engage said projections, whereby said locking member is moved to release said controlling member.

35. A hat paring machine comprising a rotary cutter, a drive shaft, means for operatively connecting said cutter and said drive shaft, a main shaft, a rotary hat support operated by said main shaft, normally interengaging gears for operatively connecting said drive shaft with said main shaft, a controlling member acting to separate said gears, a locking lever for said controlling member, and means whereby two movements of the lever in the same direction are required to release said controlling member.

36. A hat paring machine comprising means for rotatably supporting a hat, a main shaft for operating said hat rotating means, a cutter for paring the brim of the hat, means for shifting said cutter toward and from the hat, means connected with said main shaft for operating said shifting means, the parts being proportioned to shift said cutter twice during a single rotation of the hat support, and means for automatically stopping the rotation of the hat support at the end of a single rotation of the hat.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK C. CRAW. Witnesses:

A. M. lVoosrER, S. WV. ATHERTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of return,

Washington, I). 0." 

